Nurses globally
of the global healthcare workforce
Knowing in nursing:
Florence Nightengale
During the American Civil War (1861-1865) nurse caring was valued and was considered to be a labor of love.
American Civil War nurse caring provided
Post Civil War, nurses were being trained.24
In 1926, the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses was developed and adopted in 1950:
Post World War II (1939-1945) there was
In the late 1970s, there was an increase in nurse caring
In the mid to late twentieth century, nursing care shifted from a
In 1995, the American Nurses Association revised its definition and policy statement of nursing, to include caring.
Caring first emerged as a concept of interest to nurses during the 1950s.26
Leininger (1984, 1988)
Leininger’s theory helped to define the nurse patient relationship. The nurse is the one who implements care and is caring for the patient’s.28
At about the same time, caring was termed as the essence and core of nursing.29
In the 1970s, Mayeroff identified philosophical aspects of caring:
Watson (1979) developed her theory, the Transpersonal Caring Theory
In 1978, the first National Caring Research Conference was organized.
In 1988, the group became known as the International Association for Human Caring..
In 1988 the term was first added to nursing’s core data base the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL).34
In 1991, paradigms for nursing practice were identified
Boykin & Schoenhofer (1993) Theory of Nursing Caring
Swanson’s (1991, 1999) middle range caring theory
It considers and cares for the whole person and is the foundation for better healing and better care. It was used to define the care of patients and families.
In the 1990s, professional caring relationships that developed from affection and concern became important.39
Sister Simone Roach’s Theory on Caring
As healthcare administration becomes more complex and financial challenges continue, the ability of nurse managers to lead patient care environments that...
The concept of patient experience is surprisingly complex and generally linked with patient satisfaction. As reimbursement and performance policies have...
The shared governance structure is a nursing practice model which is a hallmark of engaging the front line team into the role of leading practice excellence...
